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       旋轉(zhuǎn)編碼開(kāi)關(guān)的應(yīng)用非常廣泛，今天給大家介紹下如下這款3腳和5腳的EC11旋轉(zhuǎn)編碼開(kāi)關(guān)。

5腳的旋轉(zhuǎn)編碼開(kāi)關(guān)，如下圖

具有左轉(zhuǎn),右轉(zhuǎn),按下三個(gè)功能。4、5腳是中間按下去的開(kāi)關(guān)接線   1 2 3腳 一般是中間2腳接地，1、3腳上拉電阻后，當(dāng)左轉(zhuǎn)、右轉(zhuǎn)旋紐時(shí)，在1、3腳就有脈沖信號(hào)輸出了。

推薦型號(hào)：EC11旋轉(zhuǎn)編碼開(kāi)關(guān)

      在單片機(jī)編程時(shí)，左轉(zhuǎn)和右轉(zhuǎn)的判別是難點(diǎn),用示波器觀察這種開(kāi)關(guān)左轉(zhuǎn)和右轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)兩個(gè)輸出腳的信號(hào)有個(gè)相位差，見(jiàn)下圖：

       由此可見(jiàn),如果輸出1為高電平時(shí),輸出2出現(xiàn)一個(gè)高電平,這時(shí)開(kāi)關(guān)就是向順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn); 當(dāng)輸出1 為高電平,輸出2出現(xiàn)一個(gè)低電平,這時(shí)就一定是逆時(shí)針?lè)较蛐D(zhuǎn).

       所以,在單片機(jī)編程時(shí)只需要判斷當(dāng)輸出1為高電平時(shí),輸出2當(dāng)時(shí)的狀態(tài)就可以判斷出是左旋轉(zhuǎn)或是右旋轉(zhuǎn)了。

#include "reg51.h"
#define uint unsigned int

sbit CodingsWitch_A=P1_1;
sbit CodingsWitch_B=P1_2;

uint CodingsWitchPolling()//
{
   static Uchar Aold,Bold;   //定義了兩個(gè)變量用來(lái)儲(chǔ)蓄上一次調(diào)用此方法是編碼開(kāi)關(guān)兩引腳的電平
   static Uchar st;         //定義了一個(gè)變量用來(lái)儲(chǔ)蓄以前是否出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)引腳都為高電平的狀態(tài)
   uint tmp = 0;
   if(CodingsWitch_A&&CodingsWitch_B)
   st = 1;      //
   if(st)               //如果st為1執(zhí)行下面的步驟
   {
      if(CodingsWitch_A==0&&CodingsWitch_B==0)      //如果當(dāng)前編碼開(kāi)關(guān)的兩個(gè)引腳都為底電平執(zhí)行下面的步驟
      {
         if(Bold)      //為高說(shuō)明編碼開(kāi)關(guān)在向加大的方向轉(zhuǎn)
         {
            st = 0;      
            tmp++;      //
         }
         if(Aold)      //為高說(shuō)明編碼開(kāi)關(guān)在向減小的方向轉(zhuǎn)
         {
            st = 0;
            tmp--;      //設(shè)返回值
         }
      }
   }
   Aold = CodingsWitch_A;            //
   Bold = CodingsWitch_B;            //儲(chǔ)
   return tmp;            //
}

//編碼器計(jì)數(shù)程序
void encoder_cnt(void)
{
        uchar temp;
        temp = PIND; //取端口D管腳信號(hào)
        couch_clr = (temp & 0x08); //取編碼器清零信號(hào)
        if(couch_clr != false) //有編碼器清零信號(hào)
        {
                couch_num = 0; //水平床碼清零
        }
        else
        {
                if(encoder_cnt_en == false) //編碼器計(jì)數(shù)模塊沒(méi)有啟動(dòng)
                {
                        pr_couch_ba = temp & 0x03; //取編碼器A、B相電平信號(hào)
                }
                else
                {
                        couch_ba = temp & 0x03; //取編碼器A、B相電平信號(hào)
                        if(pr_couch_ba == 0x00)
                        {
                                if(couch_ba == 0x01)
                                {
                                        couch_num++; //水平床碼加1
                                }
                                else if(couch_ba == 0x10)
                                {
                                        couch_num--; //水平床碼減1
                                }
                        }
                        else if(pr_couch_ba == 0x01)
                        {
                                if(couch_ba == 0x11)
                                {
                                        couch_num++; //水平床碼加1
                                }
                                else if(couch_ba == 0x00)
                                {
                                        couch_num--; //水平床碼減1
                                }
                        }
                        else if(pr_couch_ba == 0x10)
                        {
                                if(couch_ba == 0x00)
                                {
                                        couch_num++; //水平床碼加1
                                }
                                else if(couch_ba == 0x11)
                                {
                                        couch_num--; //水平床碼減1
                                }
                        }
                        else if(pr_couch_ba == 0x11)
                        {
                                if(couch_ba == 0x10)
                                {
                                        couch_num++; //水平床碼加1
                                }
                                else if(couch_ba == 0x01)
                                {
                                        couch_num--; //水平床碼減1
                                }
                        }
                }
                pr_couch_ba = couch_ba;
        }
}

編碼器及其計(jì)數(shù)模塊原理
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飄揚(yáng)的旋轉(zhuǎn)編碼器的檢測(cè)程序(MCS51)
//旋轉(zhuǎn)編碼器檢測(cè)程序，Ａ／Ｂ信號(hào)分別接在了ＩＮＴ０和ＩＮＴ１上
//程序作者：ＢＧ４ＵＶＲ
//2005年1月15用ＫＥＩＬ編譯、硬件測(cè)試通過(guò)

//注意：編碼器的信號(hào)，程序未做消抖處理。測(cè)試中，Ａ／Ｂ信號(hào)上各
//接了一只１０４的瓷片電容，工作很正常。如果不接電容，請(qǐng)自行編
//寫(xiě)信號(hào)消抖程序。

#include <at89x51.h>

sbit led="0xB1";//有一只ＬＥＤ接在了RXD引腳上，用來(lái)指示正反轉(zhuǎn);

main()
{
EA=1; //總中斷允許
EX0=1; //外部中斷０允許
IT0=1; //外部中斷０為邊沿觸發(fā)方式
while(1);;
}

/*********************
編碼器中斷函數(shù)
入口：無(wú)
出口：無(wú)
*********************/
void encoder(void) interrupt 0 { //外部中斷0
if (INT1){
led=1;
}else{
led=0;
}
}

whimsy 的AVR程序

//外部中斷0，用于編碼開(kāi)關(guān)解碼,解碼圖:   A接中斷腳(AVR的PD2)，以此為基準(zhǔn),B用來(lái)判斷方向（連到AVR的PA1), C接地
//A -|
//   |   -----|__________|----------|____________
//C -|
//
//B -|
//   |   ----------|__________|----------|____________
//C -| 
//             CW  ===>>> ROTATION
//外部中斷設(shè)置(ISC01=0,ISC00=1): INT0 引腳上任意的邏輯電平變化都將引發(fā)中斷
#pragma interrupt_handler int0_isr:2
void int0_isr(void)
{
//external interupt on INT0
    GICR=0;    //禁止外部中斷
    if ((PIND & 0x04)==0)           //先判斷是高電平產(chǎn)生的中斷還是低點(diǎn)平的中斷
                if ((PINA & 0x02)==0)         //再判斷B線上的電平
                    {
                    keycounter--;      
                     keydirection="0";
                    } 
                else
                    {
                     keycounter++;
                     keydirection="1";
                    }         
                
        else
             if ((PINA & 0x02)==0)
            {
             keycounter++; 
             keydirection="1";
            } 
          else
           {
            keycounter--;
            keydirection=0;
           }
        GICR=0x40;
}